Emergency lighting shall be provided throughout the entire building and all exit routes leading to ground level. In addition, such lighting shall also be provided to ensure adequate illumination to permit safe evacuation to the outside of the site boundary. (Code of Practice for Minimum Service Installations and Equipment 2012 – 4.8 Bulk fuel storage).

30%. Treads of the staircase should have a minimum luminous contrast of 30% with the walls. (Design Manual Barrier Free Access 2008 – Recommended Design Requirements Dimension and Orientation).

24 hours a day and 7 days a week. The requirement on automatic lighting control should not be applicable to any space to be occupied in what manner? (Code of Practice for Energy Efficiency of Building Services Installation – 5.6 Automatic Lighting Control).

Exit sign. A fixed illuminated sign indicating an approved exit route. (Code of practice for minimum fire service installations and equipment 2012 – 2.2 Definitions).

Audio/Visual Production Facilities. Premises used for audio/visual production such as film and television studios. (Code of practice for minimum fire service installations and equipment 2012 – 2.2 Definitions).

The height of the ventilation outlet to free air should be 2.5m above footpath or street level. The hot air outlet stream should be directed away from personnel on the footpath nearby. (Code of practice 101 for distribution substation design version 14.0 – 6 Ventilation design).

Firefighting and rescue stairway. A stairway accommodating an access staircase and a fireman‘s lift. (Code of practice for minimum fire service installations and equipment 2012 – 2.2 Definitions).

Gate Valve. A valve that provides a straight-through passage for the flow of fluid and in which the passage can be close. It is used where the water pressure is low and on distribution pipework from a storage cistern. (Handbook on Plumbing Installation for Buildings – 1.3 – Commonly used waterworks liftings).

Non-return Valve. A valve that prevents reversal of flow in the pipe of a water supply by means of the check mechanism, the valve being opened by the flow of water and closed by the action of the check mechanism when the flow ceases, or by back pressure. It is also known as check valve. (Handbook on Plumbing Installation for Buildings – 1.3 – Commonly used waterworks liftings).

Carport. A covered parking area open for its entire length or width on at least two sides. (Code of practice for minimum fire service installations and equipment 2012 – 2.2 Definitions).

Commercial Building. A building, or that part of the building, constructed or intended to be used for business, trade or entertainment. (Code of practice for minimum fire service installations and equipment 2012 – 2.2 Definitions).

Industrial Building. Any building used wholly or in part in any process for or incidental to any of the following purposes, namely adapting for sale of any article being a building in which work is carried out by way of trade or for purposes of gain. (Code of practice for minimum fire service installations and equipment 2012 – 2.2 Definitions).

Directional Tile/Block, this has parallel raised bars for guiding the users along an intended safe path. (Design manual: Barrier free access 2008 – Typical Tactile Guide Path Junction).

Thermal conductivity means the quantity of heat that passes in unit time through unit area of a homogeneous flat slab of infinite extent and of unit thickness when unit difference of temperature in degree Celsius is established between its faces. (Code of practice for energy efficiency of building services installation 2018 – 2 Interpretations and abbreviation).

Shading coefficient, is the ratio of solar heat gain at normal incidence through the glazing to that through 3 mm thick clear double-strength glass, and should not include the shading from interior or exterior shading devices. (Code of practice for energy efficiency of building services installation 2018 – 2 Interpretations and abbreviation).

Fire barrier, means the construction that has a fire resistance rating separating one space from another. It may form part of a fire compartment. (Code of practice for fire safety in buildings 2011 – Section 3 Definitions).

Energy utilization index, means the electrical power consumed by fixed lighting installations per unit floor area of an illuminated space. (Code for practice for building energy audit 2012 – 2 Interpretation).

Inside service, the pipes and fittings in premises, and any pipes and fittings between the premises and a connection to the main (other than the pipes and fittings forming part of a fire service) which are used or are intended to be used for the purposes of a supply. (Handbook on plumbing installation for buildings – 1.1 Definitions).

PVC-C means in handbook on plumbing installation is, Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride. (Handbook on plumbing installation for buildings – 1.2 Abbreviation).

Ultimate place of safety, means a place of safety for final exit discharge where a protected exit terminates that provides access to an area clear of the effects of fire, where people may safely disperse. (Code of practice for fire safety in buildings 2011 – Section 3 Definitions).

Rated speed, in relation to a lift, means the speed of the carrier of the lift at which the lift is designed to travel in normal circumstances and at which normal operation of the lift is guaranteed by the manufacturer of the lift. (Code of practice for lift works and escalator works 2018 – 2.2 Definitions).

WSD means in handbook on plumbing installation is, water supplies department. (Handbook on plumbing installation for buildings – 1.2 Abbreviation).

Protected lobby, means a place formed by fire and smoke resisting construction in accordance with Part C to prevent the spread of heat and smoke. (Code of practice for fire safety in buildings 2011 – Section 3 Definitions).

Circuit final means a circuit connected from a local distribution board to a current-using equipment, or to socket-outlets or other outlet points for the connection of such equipment or appliances. (Code of practice for energy efficiency of building services installation 2018 – 2 Interpretations and abbreviation).

Protected exit, means a required staircase, or ramp, or passageway, being enclosed by fire barriers, that leads to an ultimate place of safety. (Code of practice for fire safety in buildings 2011 – Section 3 Definitions).

Harmonics means a component frequency of the periodic oscillations of an electromagnetic wave that is an integral multiple of the fundamental frequency. (Code of practice for energy efficiency of building services installation 2018 – 2 Interpretations and abbreviation).

Dry sprinklers. In all areas including staircases with the exception of cold storage room which should be provided with a dry sprinklers or sprinkler installation operating in dry mode in accordance with the Loss Prevention Council Rules. (Code of Practice for Minimum Service Installations and Equipment 2012 – 4.13 Cold storage areas Group II).

Braille and tactile information on the directional arrow and floor numbers shall be provided on a handrail on every floor at a designated location to facilitate persons with visual impairment. Where a directional sign exists on handrails. (Design Manual Barrier Free Access 2008 – Recommended Design Requirements – Braille and Tactile Information).

Variable air volume (VAV) air distribution system means a system that controls the dry-bulb temperature within a space by varying the volume of supply air to the space automatically as a function of the air-conditioning load. (Code of practice for energy efficiency of building services installation 2018 2 – 2 Interpretations and abbreviation).

Zone models describe a fluid flow within a discrete zone or room; they split the zone in question in distinct control volumes where calculations are performed.