HKIA Exam Paper 4 Quiz 61

Decorative glass is a clear or patterned glass processed by craftsmen for decorative effect. Sand-blasted, acid-etched, embossed, fritted and printed glass fall into this category. Decorative interlayers may also be incorporated in laminated glass. (Code of Practice for the Structural Use of Glass 2018 – 1.3 Glossary of terms and condition).

The high-frequency force-balance (or base balance) technique is the most commonly used method of determining wind-induced loads and responses of tall buildings. (Explanatory Materials to the Code of Practice on Wind Effects in Hong Kong 2004 – Section 5 Wind tunnel test – Dynamic Structures).

5% – 14% is the weight percentage of lime in soda-lime silicate glass. (Code of Practice for the Structural Use of Glass 2018 – 4.1.2 Glass Material – Table 4.1).

Sub-frame, part of a larger frame segment a portion of the length of a member, between adjacent points that are laterally restrained. (Code of practice for the structural use of steel 2011 – 1.4.2 Structural element definitions).

ASCE Standard ASCE 7-02. Height exceeding 5 times the least horizontal dimension or a fundamental natural frequency less than 1.0 Hz. (Explanatory Materials to the Code of Practice on Wind Effects in Hong Kong 2004 – Section 3 Table 3.1 Various Signposts for Dynamically Sensitive Structures).

Ultimate design strength, obtained by applying partial material factor to the specified minimum yield strength or tensile strength of the material. (Code of Practice for the Structural Use of Glass 2018 – 1.3 Glossary of terms and condition).

Heat soak process, quality control process to heat up tempered glass for a period of time to reduce the possibility of spontaneous breakage in service. (Code of Practice for the Structural Use of Glass 2018 – 1.3 Glossary of terms and condition).

The natural wind in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) is most conveniently modeled by the turbulent airflow over a rough surface in a wind tunnel. (Explanatory Materials to the Code of Practice on Wind Effects in Hong Kong 2004 – Section 5 Wind tunnel test – Static Structures).

The ‘high-frequency pressure integration’ is the third method sometimes used to obtain structural loads. Like the high-frequency force balance technique, this employs a rigid model and requires the mathematical incorporation of the mechanical admittance function. (Explanatory Materials to the Code of Practice on Wind Effects in Hong Kong 2004 – Section 5 Wind tunnel test – Dynamic Structures).

10% – 16% is the weight percentage of soda in soda-lime silicate glass. (Code of Practice for the Structural Use of Glass 2018 – 4.1.2 Glass Material – Table 4.1).

Aero-elastic tests physically simulate the dynamic characteristics of the prototype building. (Explanatory Materials to the Code of Practice on Wind Effects in Hong Kong 2004 – Section 5 Wind tunnel test – Dynamic Structures).

Depth means the horizontal dimension of the building parallel to the direction of the wind. (Code of Practice on Wind Effects in Hong Kong 2004 – 2 – Definitions).

Glass annealed glass, ordinary float glass commonly manufactured by floating the molten glass on a bed of molten tin until it sets. It can be cut by scoring and snapping. It will break into large fragments with sharp edges. (Code of Practice for the Structural Use of Glass 2018 – 1.3 Glossary of terms and condition).

Moderate exposure is used in External concrete surfaces exposed to the effects of severe rain or cyclic wetting and drying e.g. fair-faced concrete. (Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013 – Chapter 4 Durability and fire resistance – Classification of exposure conditions).

Heat-strengthened glass, glass which has been heated past its softening point and chilled rapidly to increase its strength. It breaks like annealed glass. (Code of Practice for the Structural Use of Glass 2018 – 1.3 Glossary of terms and condition).

Ends of straight bars, Cover is not required to the end of a straight bar in a floor or roof unit where its end is not exposed to the weather or to condensation. (Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013 – Chapter 4 Durability and fire resistance – 4.2.3 Cover).

National Building Code of Canada 1995. Height is greater than 4 times the minimum effective width or greater than 120m. (Explanatory Materials to the Code of Practice on Wind Effects in Hong Kong 2004 – Section 3 Table 3.1 Various Signposts for Dynamically Sensitive Structures).

Fluidity of the grout can be assessed using the procedures set out in the acceptable standards. Two test methods are described in the acceptable standards i.e. the immersion method and the cone method, of which the cone test is the simpler. (Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013 – 10.5.7 Grouting).

Confined boundary elements are the edge regions or intersections of the cross-sections of walls, which are strengthened by confining reinforcement as specified in this clause. (Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013 – 9.9.3 Walls).

Increase the total mass. In order to achieve concrete of equal strength at 28 days, depending on the combination used. (Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013 – Chapter 4 Durability and fire resistance).

Wind pressures should not less than 70%. (Code of Practice on Wind Effects in Hong Kong 2004 – 4 – Design wind pressure).

Partitions indicated on the building plans submitted to BD for approval are considered as permanent partitions. Their weight shall be considered as dead loads and calculated according to the layout shown on the building plans. (Code of Practice for Dead and Imposed Loads 2011 – 2.2 Determination of dead loads).

Claddings shall include aluminum or metal cladding, polished granite slabs or limestone cladding, marble facing and their fixings. Finishes shall include in-situ finishes (e.g. plaster, screeds), pre-fabricated wall-panel finishes, suspended ceilings, timber and other floor finishes. (Code of Practice for Dead and Imposed Loads 2011 – 2.2 Determination of dead loads).

The specific use of 6A, Areas accessible to vehicles not exceeding 3,000 kg gross weight is private cars, taxies, van-type light goods vehicles, motorcycles. (Code of Practice for Dead and Imposed Loads 2011 – 3.3 – Class 6: Imposed Loads for Vehicular Traffic and Parking Areas).

7A, Inaccessible roofs and flat roofs where no access is provided to the roof except such access as may be necessary for maintenance work only. (Code of Practice for Dead and Imposed Loads 2011 – 3.4 Class 7: Imposed Loads for Roofs).

Cover against corrosion, the cover required to protect the reinforcement against corrosion depends on the exposure conditions and the quality of the concrete as placed and cured immediately surrounding reinforcement. (Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013 – Chapter 4 Durability and fire resistance – 4.2.3 Cover).

Plain wall a concrete wall containing either no reinforcement or insufficient to satisfy the minimum quantities of reinforcement specified in clauses 9.6.1 to 9.6.4. (Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013 – Glossary 1.4.4 Terms specific to walls).

“As” is the area of tension reinforcement. (Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2013 – 2.1.1 Aim of design).

Bedded bearing, a bearing with contact surfaces having an intermediate bedding of cementitious material. (Code of Practice for Precast Concrete Construction 2016 – 1.2 Definitions).

Joint filler, compressible, non-adhesive material used to fill movement joints during their construction. (Code of Practice for Precast Concrete Construction 2016 – 1.2 Definitions).