HKIA Exam Paper 4 Quiz 72

Dead load means the weight of walls, floors, roofs, finishes, permanent partitions, and other permanent construction.
Imposed load means load other than dead load or wind load;
Wind load means any load due to the effects of wind pressure or suction
(Building (Construction) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. B) – Part I – General – 2 – Interpretation).

Every refuse chute shall
a. be lined with glazed ware or other impervious tubes
b. have an internal diameter of not less than 450 mm
(Building (Refuse Storage and Material Recovery Chambers and Refuse Chutes) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. H) – 16).

The channel of a trough water closet shall not be longer than 5 m and shall have an even fall towards the outlet trap of not less than 1 in 30 (Buildings (Standards of Sanitary Fitments, Plumbing, Drainage Works and Latrines) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. I) – Part III – Plumbing – 15).

Such flushing cistern shall in the case of water closet fitments and slop sinks
i. discharge to the water closet fitment of slop sink, on each occasion such fitment is used, not less than 9 litres and not more than 14 litres of water; and
ii. be provided with a ball valve so arranged as to refill the cistern within 2 minutes (Buildings (Standards of Sanitary Fitments, Plumbing, Drainage Works and Latrines) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. I) – Part III – Plumbing – 19).

The overflow pipe from a water storage tank shall
a. have an internal diameter of one commercial size larger than the supply pipe to the cistern or tank
b. dip down, inside the tank, so as to terminate in a position not more than 150 mm above the bottom of the tank
c. discharge in a conspicuous position (Buildings (Standards of Sanitary Fitments, Plumbing, Drainage Works and Latrines) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. I) – Part III – Plumbing – 23).

Every waste fitment shall be provided immediately under the fitment with a suitable trap, where the waste pipe from a waste fitment is, connected to a soil pipe, the trap provided for the waste fitment shall
a. have an internal diameter of not less than 32 mm;
b. have a water seal of not less than 80 mm; and
c. be:
i. adequately ventilated or
ii. constructed to prevent loss of water seal (Buildings (Standards of Sanitary Fitments, Plumbing, Drainage Works and Latrines) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. I) – Part III – Plumbing – 25).

If the discharge point of the exit route to the ultimate place of safety is so sited that it adjoins another exit route or other accommodation, the walls enclosing the exit route should be returned along the frontage of the final discharge or project from the frontage for a distance of not less than 450mm, provided that any return should not reduce the effective width of the exit route (Code of Practice for Fire Safety in Buildings 2011 – Part B – Means of Escape – Section 2 – Provisions of Means of Escape – Subsection B5 – General Requirements of Exit Routes – Clause B5.7).

All materials used in any building works or street works shall be;
a. of a suitable nature and quality for the purposes for which they are used;
b. adequately mixed or prepared; and
c. applied, used or fixed so as to perform adequately the functions for which they are designed (Building (Construction) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. B) – Part I – General – 3 – Materials).

A weep hole, with an internal diameter of not less than 50 mm, shall be provided to every 1.5 m2 of the face of chunamed surface and in areas of localized seepage (Building (Construction) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. B) – Part II – Materials – 14 – Chunam – 2).

The resistance to the uplift force shall be calculated as the sum of the downward force due to the minimum dead loads plus that due to any permitted anchoring resistance (Building (Construction) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. B) – Part III – Loads – 15 – Resistance to Sliding, Uplift, and Overturning – 2).

Every building shall be designed and constructed so as to-
a. inhibit the spread of fire within the building and to nearby buildings by dividing the building into compartments;
b. provide adequate resistance to the spread of fire and smoke by the separation of different uses in a building by compartment walls and floors and by the separation of the building from any adjoining building or site;
c. maintain the stability of the building in case of fire; and
d. provide adequate resistance to the spread of fire over the roof of one building to another having regard to the position of the building (Code of Practice for Fire Safety in Buildings 2011 – Part A – Introduction – Section 2 – Performance Requirements – Subsection A9 – Fire Resisting Construction)

Every part of an exit route should have a clear headroom of not less than 2000mm, provided that sprinkler heads may be installed along the sidewall of the exit route and every such sprinkler head should not project:
a. more than 90mm from such sidewall and
b. so as to reduce the clear headroom of the exit route by more than 105mm (Code of Practice for Fire Safety in Buildings 2011 – Part B – Means of Escape – Section 2 – Provisions of Means of Escape – Subsection B5 – General Requirements of Exit Routes – Clause B5.9).

Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) means the period of time that a building element is capable of resisting the action of fire when tested in accordance with ISO 834, BS 476: Parts 20 to 24 or equivalent. Fire resistance ratings are designated by three terms, to represent the makeup of the element of construction, i.e. X/Y/Z, where:
• X – Stability Fire Resistance Rating (minutes)
• Y – Integrity Fire Resistance Rating (minutes)
• Z – Insulation Fire Resistance Rating (minutes)
(Code of Practice for Fire Safety in Buildings 2011 – Part A – Introduction – Section 3 – Definition).

No refuse storage and material recovery chamber shall have any dimension less than 1.5 m (Building (Refuse Storage and Material Recovery Chambers and Refuse Chutes) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. H) – 8 – Minimum Dimensions of Refuse Storage and Material Recovery Chambers – 1)

The inner plate of every hopper shall project downward at an angle of not less than 45 degrees to the horizontal when the hopper is closed (Building (Refuse Storage and Material Recovery Chambers and Refuse Chutes) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. H) – 23 – Construction of Hopper – 5).

Open Air means a space which
a. is vertically uncovered and unobstructed;
b. is not less, in any horizontal dimension, than 1.5 m; and
c. where such space is enclosed on 4 sides, has a horizontal area of not less than 1 m2 for every 6 m of the mean height of the walls enclosing the space (Building (Planning) Regulations
(Cap. 123 sub. leg. F) – Part I – General – 2 – Interpretation)

The internal diameter of every such trap shall be not less than
a. 80 mm, in the case of a water closet fitment, slop sink, or urinal with more than 3 basins or stalls or with a channel longer than 2m
b. 50 mm, in the case of a urinal with more than one and not more than 3 basins or stalls or with a channel not longer than 2m
c. 40 mm, in the case of a bidet or urinal with a single basin or stall and
d. 100 mm, in the case of a trough water closet (Buildings (Standards of Sanitary Fitments, Plumbing, Drainage Works and Latrines) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. I) – Part III – Plumbing – 24).

The size of eaves gutters shall be calculated at the rate of 700 mm2 of the cross-sectional area of gutter to every 7 m2 of horizontal roofed-over surface (Buildings (Standards of Sanitary Fitments, Plumbing, Drainage Works and Latrines) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. I) – Part III – Plumbing – 38).

The floor of every refuse storage and material recovery chamber shall be—
a. constructed of concrete not less than 100 mm thick; (L.N. 439 of 1990)
b. laid to fall towards the gully provided in accordance with regulation 11; and
c. finished with quarry tiles or other approved hard impervious material (Building (Refuse Storage and Material Recovery Chambers and Refuse Chutes) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. H) – 9 – Construction of Refuse Storage and Material Recovery Chambers – 4)

Every opening placed on an external wall above the ground floor of any building shall be protected by a barrier which shall be not less than 1100 mm high and the lowermost 150mm of such barrier shall be built solid (Building (Planning) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. F) – 3A – Protection of Openings – 1)

No part of any domestic building shall be erected within 1.5 m of the rear boundary of the site. The open space so provided shall be counted as part of the open space required under this regulation (Building (Planning) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. F) – 25 – Space about Domestic Buildings – 2).

Every room containing a soil fitment or waste fitment shall be provided with a window or lantern light, every such window or lantern light shall be such that the aggregate superficial area of glass therein is not less than the equivalent of one-tenth of the area of the floor of the room (Building (Planning) Regulations (Cap. 123 sub. leg. F) – 36 – Rooms Containing Soil Fitments – 2).

The Shading Coefficient of Fenestration is the ratio of the solar heat gain through a particular type of glass under a specific set of conditions to the solar heat gain through double strength sheet clear glass under the same conditions (Code of Practice for Overall Thermal Transfer Value in Buildings 1995 – 7 – Calculation of Components Coefficients and Parameter of Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) – Shading Coefficient of Fenestration (SC) – 7.5)

The absorptivity of black glass is 1.0 (Code of Practice for Overall Thermal Transfer Value in Buildings 1995 – Table 4)

The thermal conductivity (k), Watts per Metre Celcius of Asphalt, mastic with 20% grit is 1.15 (Code of Practice for Overall Thermal Transfer Value in Buildings 1995 – Table 1)

Install a system of safety ropes on the scaffolding. Safety ropes shall be 12mm diameter and shall have a breaking force of at least 18 kN (General Specification for Building 2017 Edition – Section 26 – Geotechnical Works on Soil and Rock Slopes – Preparation Works – 26.01)

The apparatus for measuring deformation shall be capable of measuring a displacement of up to 50mm (General Specification for Building 2017 Edition – Section 26 – Geotechnical Works on Soil and Rock Slopes – Pull-Out Test – 26.39)

Heavy-duty, modular, security locks shall be obtained from an approved reputable source with 60mm minimum backset and 72mm centres (General Specification for Building 2017 Edition – Section 14 – Ironmongery – Locks – 14.58)

Quantity of sand/filler used shall not exceed 30% of the mass of cement (General Specification for Building 2017 Edition – Section 7 – Prestressed Concontre Works – Mix Proportions of Grouts – 7.07)

Unsuitable material is a material other than suitable material or containing any of the following:
a. Material susceptible to volume change, including marine mud, soil with a liquid limit exceeding 65% or a plasticity index exceeding 35%, swelling clays, and collapsible soils.
b. Peat, vegetation, timber, organic, soluble or perishable material.
c. Dangerous or toxic material or material susceptible to combustion.
d. Metal, rubber, plastic or synthetic material (General Specification for Building 2017 Edition – Section 3 – Excavation and Earthwork – Definitions – 3.01).